Learners often find the Chicago citation to be a challenge since it has unique personalities compared to APA and MLA, which are more familiar to the students.Ĭhicago journal citation is a crucial stage of article writing since it cannot be published without proper arranging for references. Such a style is one of the most common in the scientific community since it is old enough and proven by years of practice. For example: '(Contradictory reports made in the past have already been proven inaccurate, as noted in the chart below.Chicago citation is a common formatting style for research papers and various articles that are going to be published. If the footnote relates only to the material in parentheses, place it inside the closing parentheses. If you have a parenthetical phrase in a sentence, place the superscript number after the period as usual if the footnote applies to the sentence as a whole.For example: 'The research is important 3-whether these efforts are for personal or public gain has yet to be determined, though.' Generally, superscript numbers should follow punctuation.Example: 'Studies regarding this matter could be difficult to perform, 2 but the effort may well be worth it.' In this example, the footnote is placed after the comma in the first clause to demonstrate that the source does not indicate the effort to perform the studies would be worth it.

If necessary to distinguish between sources, you can place the superscript number at the end of the sentence clause you want to attribute to that source. In most cases, you'll put the reference to the footnote at the end of the sentence. Place superscript numbers at the end of a sentence or clause.

Chicago footnote format